Emir Timur, the founding ruler of the Timurid State, which influenced world history for more than a hundred years, is a great Turkish sovereign who has made a name for himself with his cultural activities as well as his political activities. Sitting on the Timurid throne for 36 years, Emir Timur expanded his borders with his large-scale expeditions and influenced many countries from Anatolia to Mongolia, from Iran to India. In 1400, the Syrian campaign was one of the most important campaigns of Emir Timur. It is seen that the hostile foreign policy of the Mamluk sultans against Amir Timur was effective in the realisation of the campaign. Amir Timur, who wanted to eliminate the Mamluk trouble before marching to the Ottoman capital, entered Syria with a large army and left behind a devastation with deep effects. The civilised cities such as Aleppo and Damascus, which were occupied by Emir Timur, could not return to their former glory for many years after the withdrawal of the Timurid army. In this sense, the traces left by the Timurid ruler in Syria were recorded by the sources of the period, and Emir Timur was established in the minds of the people of the region as a destructive and cruel ruler in general.The high cultural level of the Timurid ruler became public with the Syrian campaign, and Ibn Khaldūn, one of the great scholars of the period, recorded the intellectual accumulation of the ruler in his memoirs.The information provided by the author includes both the personality of Emir Timur and the Timurid occupation of Damascus.